The Midwife
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The plot follows newly qualified midwife Jenny Lee, as well as the work of midwives and the nuns of Nonnatus House, a nursing convent and part of an Anglican religious order, coping with the medical problems in the deprived Poplar district of London's desperately poor East End in the 1950s. The Sisters and midwives carry out many nursing duties across the community. However, with between 80 and 100 babies being born each month in Poplar alone, the primary work is to help bring safe childbirth to women in the area and to look after their countless newborns.
The first series, set in early 1957, tackles the \"Baby Boom\", issues of poverty in the East End and post-war immigration. The second series set in 1958 depicts the introduction of gas and air as a form of pain relief, unexploded ordnance, an outbreak of tuberculosis, a baby born with spina bifida, and ends with the condemning of the Nonnatus House building. The third series, set in 1959, depicts cystic fibrosis, polio, caring for the terminally ill, and midwifery in a prison context. The Child Migrants Programme, the threat of nuclear warfare (including emergency response guidelines issued by local Civil Defence Corps), LGBT rights, and syphilis among sex workers are addressed in 1960-set fourth series, with a patient with typhoid, the effects of thalidomide, the introduction of the contraceptive pill and impact of stroke in the fifth set in 1961. The sixth series, set in 1962, touches on domestic violence, an explosion at the local docks, interracial marriage, female genital mutilation, mental health, and introduces Reggie, a recurring character who has Down syndrome. The seventh series, set in 1963, introduces the first major character of colour, Nurse Lucille Anderson, as well as dementia, racial abuse, leprosy, and meningitis featuring in storylines. The eighth series, set in 1964, covers the topic of abortion (which was not legalised until 1967), sickle cell disease, babies born with cleft lip and cleft palate, and intersex people. Set in 1965, the ninth series addresses diphtheria, a blind expectant mother, and the continued role and relevance of Nonnatus House in the community. The tenth series, set in 1966, compares the practice at Nonnatus House with the private Lady Emily Clinic in Mayfair, PKU, diabetes, and the controversy of abortion on the eve of legalisation. Christmas special episodes also explore the conditions in a mission in South Africa, the Outer Hebrides, and the order orphanage.
And you can also expect lots of new guest stars and possibly more permanent additions after Sister Julienne made an arrangement with St Cuthbert's to reinstate the midwife training programme, with new students set to join Nonnatus House before the New Year.
Season 11 opens at Easter time in 1967. Celebrations are underway for an Easter Bonnet parade outside Nonnatus House. Sister Monica Joan and Reggie are excited about the Eurovision song contest and Nancy, having just passed her midwifery examinations, is about to don her red cardigan for the first time.
The relationship between the midwife and the woman is essential for a positive experience for woman during childbearing period, i.e. pregnancy, childbirth and the first postpartum phase. Thereby, the aim of this study was to delineate central concepts in the midwife-woman relationship, in normal as well as high-risk situations. A secondary analysis was performed on original texts from eight Swedish qualitative studies, all with a phenomenological or phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. Six pairs of concepts were elucidated; each one describing one aspect from the woman's perspective and one responsive aspect from the midwife. The pairs of concepts are: surrender-availability, trust-mediation of trust, participation-mutuality, loneliness-confirmation, differenceness-support uniqueness and creation of meaning-support meaningfulness. Disciplinary concepts about the midwife-woman relationship have evolved that are essential for care in both normal and high-risk contexts, and we suggest that they should be implemented as a guide for midwifery care.
Background: In 2015, 27.5% of births in England and Wales were to mothers born outside of the UK. Compared to their White British peers, minority ethnic and migrant women are at a significantly higher risk of maternal and perinatal mortality, along with lower maternity care satisfaction. Existing literature highlights the importance of midwife-woman relationships in care satisfaction and pregnancy outcomes; however, little research has explored midwife-woman relationships for migrant and minority ethnic women in the UK.
Findings: The midwife-woman relationship was important for participants' experiences of care. Numerous social and ecological factors influenced this relationship, including family relationships, culture and religion, differing health-care systems, authoritative knowledge and communication of information. Marked differences were seen between midwives and women in the perceived importance of these factors.
Conclusions: Findings provide new theoretical insights into the complex factors contributing to the health-care expectations of pregnant migrant Pakistani women in the UK. These findings may be used to create meaningful dialogue between women and midwives, encourage women's involvement in decisions about their health care and facilitate future midwifery education and research. Conclusions are relevant to a broad international audience, as achieving better outcomes for migrant and ethnic minority communities is of global concern.
The much-loved multi-award winning drama Call the Midwife is a moving and intimate insight into the colourful world of midwifery and family life in the East End of London during the 1950s & 1960s. Inspired by the memoirs of Jennifer Worth, Call the Midwife was created and written by Heidi Thomas. The series follows the midwives and nuns from Nonnatus House, who visit the expectant mothers of Poplar, providing the poorest women with the best possible care. The first series, set in 1957, premiered in the UK on 15 January 2012 and achieved overnight ratings of over 8 million people, making it the most successful new drama series on the BBC since 2001. Since then, there have been ten more series airing year-on-year, along with an annual Christmas Special broadcast every Christmas Day since 2012, and the series continues to be one of the most watched dramas on UK television. Call the Midwife has garnered global success and has been sold in 237 territories. The drama has won numerous awards, and garnered praise for the way it tackles a variety of medical and social issues, including stillbirth, thalidomide, abortion, diabetes, prostitution, FGM, disability, sickle cell, cystic fibrosis, Down's syndrome, and sepsis. Series 13 of Call the Midwide will commence filming in the spring and has already been commissioned by the BBC for series 14 and 15 which means that the multiple award-winning Call the Midwife will now be on air until 2026. A Neal Street Production for BBC and PBS.
In the early 1900s, Kammerer conducted experiments on the midwife toad (Alytes ostetricans) at the Institute of Experimental Biology, located at the Vivarium in Vienna Austria. The Vivarium had heating and cooling systems to control the laboratories' temperatures. With the use of these tools, researchers could experiment on organisms that required particular environmental conditions, and they could manipulate those environmental conditions. Kammerer utilized the laboratory cooling system to induce specific adaptations in amphibians' reproductive habits for his work with midwife toads.
Midwife toads live in Europe and they stay in dry environments during adult life. After mating, the female lays eighteen to thirty-eight eggs on land, which are filled with yolk. The male midwife toad then grasps the eggs, which are encased in a sticky sac, with his hind legs. The eggs remain with the male, and they develop over twenty to forty five days as the male lives on land. The eggs hatch when the male exposes the eggs to water, in which the egg sac swells and bursts. Once the eggs hatch, the offspring live in the water as tadpoles. They initially have only front legs and eventually develop hind legs. After they complete their development, the young move out from the water and live on land.
Kammerer conducted two series of experiments on midwife toads. In the first series of experiments, Kammerer bred midwife toads and then varied the environment in which the eggs developed. He hypothesized that doing so would cause offspring to inherit traits acquired from their parents' environment. He varied the environment by limiting access to water and by heating the eggs to speed the development of the young. Compared to normal toads, the toads produced fewer eggs and the eggs increased dramatically in size, contained more yolk than in their natural environment, and the eggs bore tadpoles with fully developed hind legs. Lacking the interaction with water for the egg sac to swell and burst, the fully developed tadpoles pushed through the egg sac. Kammerer then bred the new generations in their typical environment, and observed that after several generations, the offspring hatched from their eggs with four limba. Although the number of viable offspring were fewer than when the toads exposed eggs to water, the offspring appeared to skip the tadpole stage of development. Kammerer argued that he had induced in the toads the characteristic of bearing fully developed individuals.
The second series of experiments focused on the development of nuptial pads, which are black swellings between the forearm and the thumb of male toads. Nuptial pads help male toads grasp the female toads when they mate in water. Many frogs and toads have nuptial pads, but male midwife toads generally do not. By increasing the temperature in the laboratory to between sixty-seven and eighty-six degrees Fahrenheit, Kammerer induced the toads to move to the water and mate there, as it was cooler. Female midwife toads deposited their eggs directly in the water, as opposed to on land. 59ce067264